西北黄土高原地区路域乡土植物资源筛选研究

Selection of Indigenous Plants in Roads in Northwestern Loess Plateau Area

[目的]通过对路用乡土植物区资源利用研究,解决生物工程所需的乡土植物资源不足问题。[方法]以西北黄土高原区为研究范围,以调查研究为主、试验研究为辅开展了乡土植物资源筛选的研究工作,调查了该区域能在恶劣条件下生长的植物种类及其在路域的适应状况,对有望大规模应用的植物组合模式进行了综合观测及评定。[结果]研究确定了该区中央分隔带可栽种乔木有4种,分别为侧柏、桧柏、圆柏、榆树;灌木有9种,分别为枸杞、柽柳、刺枚、连翘、四翅滨藜、榆叶梅、沙棘、紫穗槐、丁香。另皂荚、刺槐、沙枣、火炬、垂柳、旱柳及白腊树形高大饱满、景观效果好,适宜作为行道树种植;灌木分枝多、树形散乱、高度有限不宜单植,与植株比较高大的树种配合栽种可达到较好的景观效果;山桃、榆树易受虫害,宜和其他树种间植,在空间上阻隔传播。[结论]该研究为路域乡土植物资源筛选研究奠定了基础,为解决生物工程所需的乡土植物资源不足问题提供了帮助。

[Object] The aim was to study on resource utilization of indigenous plants in roads in order to solve resource shortage of indigenous plant in bioengineering.[Method] Based on northwestern loess plateau area,we conducted research on selection of indigenous plants and survey on the species which could live in adverse condition,mainly by surveying,with frequent tests as a supplement,to make a comprehensive observation and evaluation on plant combinations which are to be extensively applied.[Result] The research indicated that in central dividing strips,four arbors,including Platycladus orientalis（Linn.）Franco,Sabina chinensis,Sabinachinensis（Linn.）Ant.,and Ulmus pumila L.,and nine frutices,including Lycium chinense,Tamarix austromongolica,Rosa xanthina Lindl.,Forsythia suspense,Atriplex canescens,Amygdalus triloba,Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.,Amorpha fruticosa L.,and Syzygium aromaticum could be planted.In addition,Gleditsia sinensis Lam,Robinia pseudoacacia L,Elaeagnus angustifolia L.,Rhus typhina,Salix babylonica,Salixmatsudana and Fraxinus chinensis,tall and strong,are suitable to be planted as border trees,presenting a good vision.Frutices,limited by height,are usually with more branches,which will provide a good landscape if grown with tall plants.Prunus dacidiana and Ulmus pumila L.,prone to be damaged by insects,should be planted with other species to stop the infestation in space.[Conclusion] The research laid foundation for selection of indigenous plants in roads,providing references for resource shortage of indigenous plant for bioengineering.