自然资源物权化的困境与出路

The Dilemma about Endowing Natural Resources with Real Rights and Its Solution

自然资源作为资源的重要组成部分进入民法调整范围已成为共识,然而无论是目前物权立法,还是学界提出的各种理论,都存在其固有的弊病而无以胜任自然资源物权化的要求。自然资源形态多样,性质各异,这不仅是造成我国目前自然资源立法体系混乱的重要原因,也是自然资源物权化的重大难题和挑战。针对这些难题与挑战,应当更新自然资源立法理念,摒弃传统以行政手段统管自然资源管理、配置和保护的观念,恢复自然资源作为私权客体的本质,以物权法为中心建立自然资源法律体系,确立包容性的基本原则指导自然资源立法,统筹兼顾,实现既符合理论又契合实际的自然资源物权化。

It has been a broad consensus on the incorporation of natural resources as an important part of resources into the adjustment scope of civil law.However,both of real rights legislation and various theories proposed by scholars have some inherent defects,so that they cannot provide a sound explanation of endowing natural resources with real rights.Various forms and characteristics of natural resources lead to the present chaos in natural resources legislation in China and are also the big problem and challenge when endowing natural resources with real rights.Regarding these difficulties and challenges,it is necessary to renew the concept of natural resources legislation,abandon the traditional conception of managing,allocating and protecting natural resources through administrative means,restore the nature of natural resources as the object of private right,set up the legal system of natural resources based on Real Right Law,employ the principle of inclusiveness to guide natural resource legislation,make overall plans and take all factors into account,in order to endow natural resources with real rights in accordance with relevant theories and the actual fact.