北京市出租车司机膳食结构与饮食行为调查

Survey on eating behavior and dietary structure of taxi drivers in Beijing

目的了解北京市出租车司机膳食结构与饮食行为,为改善出租车司机的营养健康状况提供科学依据。方法采用方便抽样的方法,在北京首都机场T3航站楼地下停车场候机排队的出租车中随机抽取1052人作为调查对象。采用问卷调查的方法收集司机的饮食行为、膳食结构等信息。结果 21.8%的出租车司机出车时3餐均在外就餐,郊区司机3餐进食时长低于城区司机。出租车司机不吃早餐、午餐、晚餐的比例分别是10.5%、4.4%和14.8%。出租车司机出车时午餐和晚餐的构成主要是"主食+荤菜+素菜",较少司机选择加入水果,尤其是午餐。干净卫生和能吃饱是司机们选择就餐环境时考虑的主要因素,仅有少部分司机在选择午餐(20.4%)或晚餐(27.4%)时会考虑营养因素。结论北京市出租车司机特别是郊区司机,目前仍存在饮食不规律、3餐分配及膳食结构不合理的现象。

Objective To investigate the eating behavior and dietary structure of taxi drivers in Beijing,and to provide scientific information for improving the nutrition and health of the taxi drivers.Methods Convenience sampling method was employed in the current study.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1052 taxi drivers who were waiting for work at the parking of Terminal 3 capital airport.Results There are 21.8% drivers had meals outside 3 times one day.This proportion was higher in the suburban drivers.Time for spending in eating in suburban drivers was shorter than urban drivers.The proportions of without breakfast lunch and dinner were 10.5%,4.4% and 14.8% respectively.The drivers＇ dietary structure of lunch and dinner were ＂grain＋meat＋vegetables＂ during working outside,few drivers had some fruit,especially for the lunch.Drivers chose the lunch or dinner for clean and sanitary and for full,few for nutrition（20.4% or 27.4%）.Conclusion Eating disorders,unreasonable distribution of meals and dietary structures still exist in taxi drivers in Beijing.