北京市出租车司机生活方式与健康状况现状调查

Survey on life style and health condition of taxi drivers in Beijing

目的了解北京市出租车司机生活方式与健康现状,为改善出租车司机的健康状况提供科学依据。方法采用方便抽样的方法,在北京首都机场T3航站楼地下停车场候机排队的出租车中随机抽取1052人作为调查对象。采用问卷调查的方法收集司机的生活方式与健康状况等信息。结果北京市出租车司机的出车方式以单班为主(61.3%),出车时长每天平均(13.4±3.5)个小时,郊区司机的出车平均时长比城区多3个小时,睡眠时长每天平均(6.8±2.2)个小时。司机的BMI平均为(25.8±3.8)。仅有36.9%的司机在1周内参加过中等强度及以上的活动。48.4%的司机在最近1年参加过体检,城区司机的体检率(54.8%)高于郊区司机(45.4%)。68.4%的出租车司机吸烟,51.6%的司机饮酒,城区的吸烟率和饮酒率均高于郊区。20%的司机不能保证每天吃蔬菜,仅有22.5%的司机每天吃水果。每天平均吃蔬菜(347.1±212.4)g,常吃萝卜、黄瓜、西红柿。每天平均吃水果(204.2±150.0)g,常吃苹果、香蕉、西瓜。结论北京市出租车司机饮食起居无规律,工作时间偏长,存在许多不健康的生活方式,健康状况不容乐观。

Objective To investigate the life style and health condition of taxi drivers in Beijing,and to provide scientific information for improving the health condition in taxi drivers.Methods Convenience sampling method was employed in the current study.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1052 taxi drivers who were waiting for work at the parking of Terminal 3 capital airport.Results The main pattern of the taxi drivers＇ work regulation was one taxi each person（61.3%）.The average working time was（13.4±3.5） hours per day.However,the suburban driver worked 3 hours more than the urban drivers.The average sleeping time of drivers was（6.8±2.2） hours per day.The average BMI of drivers was（25.8±3.8）.Only 36.9% of the drivers did moderate-intensity physical activities each week.48.4% of the drivers had a physical examine last year.The propotion of having physical examine in the urban drivers（54.8%） was higher than the suburban＇s（45.4%）.68.4% of the drivers smoking,51.6% of them drinking,and the proportion of smoking and drinking in urban drivers were higher than the suburban＇s.There was still 20% drivers cannot eat vegetables every day.Only 22.5% drivers ate fruit every day.The amount of eating vegetables was（347.1±212.4） g.Radishes,cucumbers and tomatoes were the most eating type of vegetables.The amount of eating fruits was（204.2±150.0） g.Apples,bananas and watermelons were the most eating type of fruits.Conclusion The taxi drivers in Beijing have irregular daily diet,longer working time and a lot of unhealthy life styles.The health of the drivers caused anxiety.The health education should be enhanced in the drivers in the future.