台湾海峡海洋沉积物放线菌的多样性

Diversity of actinomycetes in Taiwan strait marine sediments

目的探究台湾海峡海洋沉积物中放线菌的多样性及发现合成药物先导化合物的新菌源。方法采用6种选择性培养基分离15份来自台湾海峡沉积物样品中含有的放线菌。挑选不同培养特征的放线菌进行初步分类鉴别、16S rRNA基因序列系统进化分析及基于PCR的烯二炔抗生素基因筛选。结果共分离到497株放线菌,挑选的95株放线菌分别属于放线菌7个科,11个属。16S rRNA基因序列分析结果提示分离到的小单孢菌科菌种存在数个潜在新种,95株菌中有27%的菌株含有烯二炔抗生素核弹头的生物合成基因片段。结论海洋环境蕴含丰富的放线菌资源,具有产生烯二炔类抗生素的潜能。

Objective To investigate the diversity of actinomycetes isolated from Taiwan strait marine sediments and isolate new actinomycetes for discovering compounds of pharmaceutical importance. Methods Six selective media were used to isolate actinomycetes from 15 sediment samples. Actinobacterial diversity in these sediments was investigated by phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. To detect potential producer strains of enediyne antibiotics, PCR based screening strategy was used. Results A total of 497 strains of actinomycetes were isolated and 95 representative isolates were selected on the basis of their morphologies on different media. 16S rRNA gene sequences phylogenetic analysis showed that these strains belonged to seven families including eleven genera. Phylogenetic analyses also grouped many of the strains into clades distinct from all known genera within Micromonosporaceae, indicating that they may be new genera. 27% of the above 95 strains were detected and found containing enediyne polyketide synthase （PKS） gene. Conclusion The results confirm that marine sediments are rich source of rare actinomycetes and the actinomycetes from marine environment have the potential of producing enediyne family antibiotics.