铝基吸附剂去除饮用水中氟的研究进展

Development of Alumina-based Materials in Defluoridation of Drinking Water

活性氧化铝是饮用水除氟中使用最为广泛的吸附剂,但它存在一些问题,如吸附容量偏低、适用pH范围偏小、吸附平衡时间较长、出水铝超标等。针对这些问题,许多研究者对活性氧化铝吸附剂进行改进,将多种金属元素或金属氧化物以不同的比例和方式掺杂到活性氧化铝中,开发了多种基于活性氧化铝的新型复合吸附剂。其中被用于掺杂的金属主要有铁、镁、锰、锌及稀土元素等。文章按掺杂金属的不同,对铝基吸附剂的各类性能和除氟效果进行了比较,并对除氟吸附剂未来的发展进行了展望。

Activated alumina（AA）is the most commonly used adsorbent for defluoridation of drinking water. However it has some drawbacks during its application, such as low adsorption capacity, narrow optimum pH range, long contact time to achieve equilibrium and high concentration of residual aluminum in treated water. Many efforts have been made to solve these problems. With doping different kinds of metals within AA, a series of novel alumina-based materials were prepared. Metals that have been used include Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn and some rare earth elements. This article compared the preperties and defluoridation ability of various adsorbents categorized by dosing metals. Moreover, the future development of defluoridation adsorbents was also discussed.