基于熵权的西安市大气环境质量模糊综合评价

Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Atmospheric Environmental Quality in Xi'an City Based on Entropy of Weight of Evaluating Indicators

针对传统方法在评价大气环境质量中存在评价因素单一,不能反映多种污染物对大气环境的综合影响等缺点,文章运用模糊综合评价理论并结合熵值赋权法,选取SO2、NO2、PM10三个污染因子为评价参数,参照国家大气环境质量标准,通过计算污染因子权重分配系数和隶属度,对2006年、2010年西安市区及其不同功能区的大气环境质量作出客观综合评价并加以对比。评价结果表明:2010年西安市区大气环境质量符合国家Ⅱ级标准,较2006年无明显改善且有潜在污染加剧的趋势;西安市内交通区、工业区的大气环境质量劣于全市平均水平,是该市大气环境治理的重点区域;PM10为西安市区最主要污染因子,在全市污染影响普遍,但近年NO2污染呈现的上升趋势也应引起警惕。

The atmospheric environmental quality of Xi＇an City and its different function districts were evaluated by using method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation with the entropy method for weight determination, selecting SO2, NO2, PM1o as evaluation factors, consulting the standards relevant to atmospheric environment and calculating the weight of distribution coefficients and grade attachment of atmospheric pollution factors. The method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation can give a more objective result than traditional methods. The comprehensive assessment results indicate that air environmental quality of Xi＇an in 2010 belongs to Class Ⅱ and no significant improvement over 2006, even show the trend of increasing pollution; the air environmental quality of industrial area and traffic area lower than the average level, are as the main control areas. PM10 is the main pollutant, but trend of increasing pollution shown in recent years should also cause vigilance.