重庆市主城区生态环境质量评价及对策建议

Assessment and Strategies of Eco-environment Quality in Downtown Areas of Chongqing

重庆市主城区属于典型的城市生态系统,是三峡库区的重要组成部分,其生态环境质量的好坏不仅影响着重庆经济、社会的发展,还影响着整个三峡库区生态功能的稳定及可持续发展。为了准确评价重庆市主城区生态环境质量,根据区域生态环境特点,从空间格局、环境特性、生物特征、服务功能等4大方面(准则层)构建出城市生态环境质量评价体系,并通过层次分析法进行系统评价,剖析区域存在的主要生态环境问题及其根源,提出相应的保护对策及建议。评价结果为:重庆主城区总体生态环境质量得分为65.68,对应评价等级为一般;空间格局、环境特性、生物特征、服务功能得分分别为66.02、74.82、50.34和66.81,对应评价等级分别为良、良、较差及一般。综合分析表明,重庆市主城区生态环境问题在水环境、大气环境、生物特征等方面较为突出,因此必须着重加强相关的环境保护与生态建设工作。

Chongqing downtown area is a typical urban ecological system, which also is an important part of the Three Gorges reservoir. Its eco-environment quality influences not only on the economic and social development of Chongqing, but also on the ecological function stability and sustainable development of the Three Gorges reservoir. According to regional eco-environment characteristics, appropriate assessment indexes were selected to build a comprehensive assessment index system from the four aspects （criterion layer） including spatial pattern, environment characteristics, biological characteristics and service function. Strategies and suggestions were provided based on analysis on main issues and causes of its eco- environment quality by using the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP）. Results show that the eco-environment quality overall score of Chongqing downtown areas is 65.68, corresponding rank is general. Space pattern, environment characteristics, biological characteristics and service function scores are respectively 66.02,74.82,50.34 and 66.81, corresponding ranks are respectively good, good, poor and general. By comprehensive analysis, the water environment, atmospheric environment and biological characteristics problems were obviously serious in Chongqing downtown areas. Therefore, some related tasks of environment protection and ecological construction must be enhanced.