玻璃的脆性(三)

Brittleness of Glass(3)

玻璃的缺陷可分为纳观缺陷、微观缺陷和宏观缺陷。纳观缺陷为纳米尺度的缺陷,指玻璃结构缺陷,包括微相、微不均、配位不全,空穴等。微观缺陷指微米尺度缺陷,主要为玻璃表面Griffith裂纹。宏观缺陷为玻璃制造中产生的缺陷,如气泡、结石、条纹,以及使用过程中的损伤。这些缺陷的存在增加玻璃的脆性。描述了玻璃表面Griffith裂纹的尺寸、分布以及形貌。

The flaws of glass can be separated into nano flaws, micro flaws and macro flaws. The nano flaws refer to the glass structure defects including micro phase, micro uneven, incomplete coordination, hole, etc. in the nano scale. Micro flaws refer to the glass surface Griffith cracks defects in micrometer scale. Macro flaws mean the defects generated in glass manufacturing, such as the bubble, stone, streak and the damage during the usage. These defects can increase the glass brittleness. Dimensions, distribution and morphology of Griffith cracks on glass surface are also discussed.