审美形式的公共性与现代性的身份认同

The Publicity of Aesthetic Form and the Identity in Modernity

作为前现代社会身份认同的辅助形式,审美形式因其公共性精神本义而为上层阶级所据有;作为现代社会身份认同的主导形式,审美形式因其符号性价值而为人们所争夺。审美形式与身份认同由此呈现出如下递进关系:特定的社会群体通过特定的审美形式强化自己的群体属性,特定的审美形式经由特定的社会群体而提升自己的符号价值,审美形式由此超出美学而进入政治哲学题域,成为现代性身份认同的重要资源。但唯礼器信仰的前现代身份认同夸耀审美形式的公共性价值,舍弃其所蕴涵的自然生命根基;唯形式扮饰的现代性身份认同高扬审美形式的符号性价值,忽略其所深潜的公共性精神本义,二者均导致身份认同的危机。要解决这一危机,需要在现代社会生存论视野内,重返审美形式的源发性属性和自然生命根源,凸显审美形式的自律—他律性,以此建构自我—他者型的身份认同模式。

As an auxiliary identity form of the pre-modern society, aesthetic form possessed by upper class because of its public meaning; as a dominating identity form of the modern society, aesthetic form is contested for its symbolic value. The relation of Aesthetic form and identity rests with： the specific social group strengthens own community attribute through the specific aesthetic form, and the specific aesthetic form promotes own symbolic value by way of the specific social group. Therefore, the aesthetic form becomes the import resources of the modernity identity. But the pre-modern identity piques itself on the public value of aesthetic form and abnegates its natural life foundation, the modernity identity uplifts the symbol value of aesthetic form, neglects its deep public meaning, they have been incurring in crisis of identity. In order to solve this crisis, we need to reentry the natural life root of aesthetic form, and stand out the heteronomy-autonomy of aesthetic form, meanwhile construct the self-otherness identity pattern in the field of existentialism.