橡胶膨胀型阻燃研究进展

Advances in Intumescent Flame Retardation of Rubbers

目前,橡胶的阻燃主要是采用含卤阻燃剂与氧化锑复合体系。近年来,由于对一些含卤阻燃剂的使用限制及价格因素使得橡胶的无卤阻燃引起了人们的广泛关注。在一些对阻燃性能要求比较高的橡胶制品(如输送带)中,采用单一类型的无卤阻燃剂,如磷类化合物、磷氮类化合物、金属氢氧化物等,通常是难以满足严格的阻燃要求。膨胀型阻燃体系被认为是具有较好发展前景的阻燃体系之一。文中主要介绍膨胀型阻燃剂的发展、阻燃机理,橡胶(如丁苯橡胶、天然橡胶、乙丙橡胶、硅橡胶等)膨胀型阻燃方面的研究进展,以及膨胀型阻燃橡胶目前存在的问题及未来发展方向。

Nowadays,flame retardants commonly used in rubbers are mainly halogen-containing compounds and/or their combination with antimony oxides.Due to the environmental concern and increasing prices of halogen-containing compounds,halogen-free flame retardation of rubbers has aroused a great attention in recent years.Incorporation of one kind of halogen-free flame-retardants alone into rubbers,such as phosphorus-containing compounds,phosphorus and nitrogen-containing compounds,and metal hydroxides etc.cannot meet stringent flame retardant requirements of some rubber products,i.e.conveyer belts.Intumescent flame retardants（IFRs） are considered to be a promising flame retardant system.In this paper,it was introduced that the development and mechanism of IFRs,research achievements of intumescent flame retardation of rubbers（i.e.SBR,NBR,NR,SR,etc.）,and some existing problems and developing trend of intumescent flame retarded rubbers.