CKY-200型土工离心机主机电气系统研制

Development of the Electrical System of CKY-200 Geotechnical Centrifuge

土工离心机是离心模型试验的重要设备,可为离心模型试验提供过载环境平台。论述了CKY-200型土工离心机主机电气系统的工作原理、基本配置及实现方法。电气系统由拖动系统、静态数采系统、摄影系统、摄像系统、动平衡系统等组成。拖动系统采用全数字直流调速方式,系统对外电网波动、负载变化和其它扰动能进行快速补偿;影响离心机运行安全的参数均进入启动联锁电路,其采用PLC控制,使得检测点与控制点集中,便于故障检测及维修,主控柜布线更加简洁;转速测量与控制采用了光电编码器,保证了转速的测量精度和系统的调节精度,其中"跟踪与保持"功能的设置,有利于离心机长时间运行;数据采集方面,测量传感器与采集模块之间采用多种方式对接,为使用者提供了灵活的接线方式;摄影系统采用定点高速闪光摄影方式。测试结果表明:该离心机的调速精度高;数据采集性能稳定、可靠;能够稳定可靠地拍摄离心模型的动态清晰、完整图像;能实时监测不平衡力,根据不平衡力大小可执行相应的控制策略;安全保护措施完善;48 h满载无故障可靠运行。

The authors present the principle,configuration and realization of the electrical system of CKY-200 geotechnical centrifuge,which is made up of drive system,static DAQ（Data Acquisition） system,photography system,video system and dynamic balance system.The digital DC drive system can compensate the disturbance caused by the fluctuation from power grid,load change,etc.The interlock PLC（Programmable Logical Controller）system makes convenience for the connection,fault detection and maintenance.Photoelectric encoder is used to measure the rotation speed,which ensures the precision and the long time operation of centrifuge.The sensors can be connected to the DAQ modules in different ways.Fixed-point high speed flashing technology is applied to photography system.Test results demonstrate the high precision of drive system,the stability and reliability of the DAQ system.It’s also shown that the photography system could take vivid and complete pictures,the unbalanced force can be monitored in real-time and the safety system is superb.The system could run 48 hours properly with full load and fault-free.