利用混合线性模型分析绿豆主要农艺性状的遗传及相关性

Inheritance and Correlation Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) by Mixed Linear Models

以19个绿豆品种(系)为亲本,采用非完全双列杂交试验设计及混合线性模型,研究绿豆主要农艺性状的遗传规律及其性状间的相互关系。结果表明,绿豆全生育日数、株高、主茎节数和百粒重均以加性效应为主,狭义遗传率较高且达极显著水平;单株荚数、单株产量和总产量的加性效应和显性效应均显著或极显著,狭义遗传率相对较低;单荚粒数主要受显性效应影响,广义遗传率较高;播种至开花天数与株高间存在显著或极显著遗传和表型正相关;单株荚数、单荚粒数与百粒重显著或极显著负相关;单株荚数与单株产量、总产量显著或极显著正相关;百粒重与单株产量、总产量相关性不大;针对全生育日数、株高、主茎节数和百粒重的选择可在早期世代进行,而对产量的选择可以根据单株荚数和单株产量在晚期世代进行。

There are only few reports about the genetic research of agronomic traits of mungbean in China. The objectives of this experiment were to study the inheritance and correlation of main agronomic traits of mungbean （Vigna radiata L.）. Through incomplete diallel cross of 19 mungbean varieties （lines）, we analyzed the breeding data by mixed linear models. The results revealed that additive genetic effects were mainly responsible for growing period, plant height, node number of main stem, and 100-seed weight. The narrow-sense heritability of the four traits was high with significant level. Additive and dominant genetic effects were responsible for pod number per plant, yield per plant and total yield. The narrow-sense heritability of the three traits was low. Dominant genetic effects were responsible for seed number per pod, and the broad-sense heritability of it was high. Days to flowering was significantly and positively correlated with plant height at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. Number of pods per plant and seeds per pod were significantly and negatively correlated with 100-seed weight, but number of pods per plant was positively correlated with yield per plant and total yield. There was no correlation between 100-seed weight and yield. As a result, the selection should be at early generations for growing period, plant height, node number of main stem and 100-seed weight, but at late generations for yield according to number of pods per plant and yield per plant.