1Panjabi MM. The stabilizing system of the spine.PartⅠ.Function,dysfunction,adaptation,and enhancement[J].Journal of Spinal Disorders,1992,(04):383-389.
2McGill SM. low back stability:from formal description to issues for performance and rehabilitation[J].Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews,2001,(01):26-31.
3Lee SW,Wong KW,Chan MK. Development and validation of a new technique for assessing lumbar spine motion[J].Spine,2002,(08):E215-E220.
4Ritvanen T,Zaproudina N,Nissen M. Dynamic surface electromyographicresponses in chronic low back pain treated by traditional bone setting and conventional physical therapy[J].Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics,2007,(01):31-37.
8MacDonald DA,Moseley GL,Hodges PW. The lumbar multifidus:Does the evidence support clinical beliefs[J].? Manual Therapy,2006,(11):254-263.
9Dankaerts W,O'Sullivan PB,Burnett AF. Reliability of EMG measurements for trunk muscles during maximal and sub maximal voluntary isometric contractions in healthy controls and CLBP patients[J].Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology,2004,(03):333-342.doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2003.07.001.
4Asano S, Kaneda K, Umebara S, et al. The mechanical propertice of the human L4-5 functional spinal unit during cyclice loading [J]. Spine, 1992, 17(11): 343-1352.
5O'Sullivan PB, Grahamalaw KM, Kendell M, et al. The effect of different standing and sitting postures on trunk muscle activity in a pain-free population [J]. Spine, 2002, 27( 11 ): 1238-1244.
6Ng JK, Richardson CA, Pamianpour M, et al. EMG activity of trunk muscles and torque output during isometric axial rolation exertion:a comparison between back pain patient and matched controls[J].J Orthop Res,2002,20(1): 112-121.
7Glancarlo VA,Crawford NR, Chamberlain RH,et al.Biomechanical comparison of anterior versus posterior lumbar threaded interbody fusion cages[J]. Spine,2005,30 (3):302-310.
8Cypress B K.Characteristics of physician visits for back symptoms:a national perspective[J].Am J Public Health,1983,73:389-395.
9Hides J A,Jull G A,Richardson C A.Long-term effects of specific stabilizing exercises for first-episode low back pain[J].Spine,2001,26:E243-248.
10Hides J A,Stokes M J,Saide M,et al.Evidence of Iumbar multifidus muscle wasting ipsilateral to symptoms in patients with acute/subacute low back pain[J].Spine,1994,19:165-172.