太行山石灰岩低山区水土保持防护林高效空间配置研究

Study on Effective Space Disposition of Soil and Water Conservation Forest in Taihang Calcareous Mountain Areas

:运用层次分析法 (AnalyticHierarchyProcess ,简称AHP)对太行山石灰岩低山 区水土保持防护林体系林种结构、树种配置优化进行判断。结果表明 ,该区水土保持林以生态效益为主 ,兼顾经济效益和社会效益 ;以山坡水土保持林为主 ,多林种多树种结合 ,山坡水土保持林、梯田经济林、山顶防护林、沟头防护林、沟底防护林、沟边固岸林的比例分别为 2 8 6 %、18 2 %、17 5%、17 4 %、10 3%、8 0 %。在树种选择上应首先考虑侧柏、山合欢、黄连木、铅笔柏、五角枫、苦楝、花椒、黄栌、臭椿、柏树、香椿、荆条、山桃、柿、火炬树、山杏、紫穗槐、酸枣、杏、石榴等树种 ,以使防护林体系总体功能最优 ,效益最大。

The optimum structure of the soil and water conservation forest systems in Taihang calcareous mountain areas was analysed by AHP.The results indicated that the ecological benefit of the soil and water conservation forest was the most important and the economic,social benefits should also be considered.The protection forest categories were 28 6% for steep barren slope, 18 2% for economic forests of terraced fields, 17 5% for top of hill, 17 4% for top of gully,10 3% for low-land of gully,8 0%for edge of gully.On the selection of tree species,the following trees such as Platycladus arientalis, Albizia macrophvlla, Pistatea chinesis, Sabina virginiana, Acer truncatum, Melica azedarach, Zanthoxglum bungeanum, Cotinus coggygria, Ailanthus altissima, Cupressus funebris, Toona sinensis, Viter nepundo, Prunus davidiana, Diospyros latus, Rhus typhina, Prunus armeniaca varansu, Amorpha frutions, Zizyphus jujuta, Prunus armeniaca, Punica granatum and etc,should be considered to optimize the function and economic benefit of the protection forest systems.