中国对虾卵水的特性和精子的应答

The property of egg-water and the response of sperm of Penaeus chinensis

研究了中国对虾卵水的采集、保存方法、紫外吸收特性和有效期等方面的内容 ,并应用卵水研究了交尾期雄虾、雌虾及产卵期雌虾精荚或纳精囊中精子对卵水的应答开始时间、必要的反应时间等响应卵水的时间特性以及精子的存活期等。结果表明 ,卵水经液氮保存或先经液氮后转入普通冰柜保持冻结状态 7个月后诱导精子激活效力无显著差异。精子在自然温度 (10℃ )普通海水中可在 10h内保持对卵水的响应能力。交尾期精子最初响应卵水有 5～ 10min的迟延 ,而产卵期精子延迟很短。

The shrimp, Penaeus chinensis used in this test was bought from Yellow Sea in March, 1995, for the collection of egg water EW, as well as the autumn shrimp was bought in October of the same year. The shrimp was raised in marine laboratory and fed with Polychaeta and shellfish, the sand filtered sea water was used in the experiment. The egg water EW was collected and the characters were examined and reported as well. The results were composed of the collection, storing, life span of the egg water, and the response of sperm isolated from different parts of male reproductive system and mated female. The results are ordered as follows. 1) The activating ability could be kept for 7 months or more as stored in liquid nitrogen or stored in refrigerator(-20℃) after inflicted in liquid N 2(-196℃); and it would lose the ability in normal temperature after 8 10 hours. It is a useful character on sperm quality checking in production. 2) The parallel examination indicates that EW is the only efficient inductor to activate sperm, compared with sea water, ovary wash liquid, ovary isolated liquid and distilled water. 3) The ultraviolet absorbancy of EW has high peak on 213.2 nm and a little peak on 268.0 nm. 4) The initial interval of sperm isolated from mated female responding to EW was 5 8 minutes in autumn but immediate in spring. 5) The activating rates of sperm induced by EW varied in 30% 80% in autumn, and superior to 90% in spring. There has been a 7% 13% space activation induced by sea water without EW. 6) The life span of sperm isolated from thylcum of autumn mated female was 10-10.5 hours limited under natural temperature(9.5℃) bathed in sea water, and 6.0-8.5 hours in 17.0±1℃. The life span of sperm had no significance in male and female in autumn.