雄核发育异育银鲫及其初步应用

The androgenetic allogynogenetic silver crucian carp and its priliminary application

用鲫 (2n =1 0 0 )卵与异育银鲫 (3n =1 5 6 )正常精子进行人工授精 ,产生了部分的雄核发育异育银鲫 (3n =1 5 6 )。池塘中饲养的雄核发育异育银鲫性腺不仅能成熟 ,而且也能生殖。它与父本异育银鲫回交可以产生回交子一代 (B1)。雄核发育异育银鲫、回交子一代异育银鲫与父本异育银鲫非常相似。它们均具有相同的染色体数目 (3n =1 5 6 ) ,红细胞核的体积是鲫红细胞核体积的 1 .6倍。另一方面 ,用随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)标记检测了雌鲫、雄异育银鲫、雄核发育异育银鲫、回交子一代、雄红鲤的遗传多态性。RAPD -PCR分子遗传标记结果表明与细胞学、细胞遗传学部分研究的结果相一致。因此 ,雄核发育异育银鲫存在于鲫(♀ )与 3n =1 5 6异育银鲫 (♂ )杂交的部分F1之中。

In this study part andtrogentic 3n=156 allogynogentic silver crucian carp(3n AASCC) using Carassins auratus eggs artificially fertilizing with normal sperm from 3n=156 allogynogenetic silver crucian carp (3n=156 ASCC) were produced .The 3n ASCC fed in pond can not only rearch sexual maturity ,but be reproduced. Meanwhile,backcrossing females 3n AASCC (F 1- similar to ASCC) to faternal parent 3n=156 ASCC could produce first backcross generation (B 1 ASCC being very similar to faternal parent ASCC).These have the same chromosomal numbers,e.g. 3n=156,and volume of the erythr ocyte nuclei is about 1.6 time whichis as big as that of C.auratus .On the other hand,genetic variations in females C.auratus , males 3n=156 ASCC,3n AASCC,backcross generation B 1 and red common carp (Cypinus carpio red variety) were detected using random amplifies polymorphic DNA(RAPD) markers.The result of molecular genetic markers indicated by the RAPD-PCR is consistent with that of the studies on cytology and cytogenetics (chromosomes). Therefore,androgenetic 3n=156 ASCC exists in the part of F 1 of C.auratus ♀×3n=156 ASCC ♂.