杭州非栽培植物上访花蓟马种类调查及发生分析

Flower-living thrips abundance and population dynamics in uncultivated reproductive hosts on Hangzhou landscape area

为明确蓟马在野外不同植被上的发生动态,了解不同蓟马的寄主偏好性。从4月中旬至11月中旬,每2周对杭州茅家埠多种植物花上的蓟马种类进行采集并在室内进行种类鉴定,并且对几种主要植物的几种蓟马种群动态进行分析,包括对金丝桃Hypericum chinese花上的花蓟马Frankliniella intonsa、西花蓟马F.occidentalis、黄胸蓟马Thrips hawaiiensis及黄蓟马T.flavus;一年篷Erigeron annuus花上的花蓟马、西花蓟马、小头蓟马Microcephalothrips sp;空心莲子草Alternanthera philoxeroides花上的花蓟马、西花蓟马及黄胸蓟马及美人蕉Canna indica花上的花蓟马、黄胸蓟马、黄蓟马及茶黄硬蓟马Scirtothrips dorsalis发生进行分析。调查发现蓟马种类分属6属16种,其中花蓟马、黄胸蓟马及黄蓟马是该地主要的蓟马种类。分析发现,金丝桃上花蓟马是优势种,其他几种只是偶尔发生,一年篷上优势种是小头蓟马并且发生量在开花的后期较多,即在整个7月,空心莲子草上蓟马的数量在开花的早期较多,从6月初至7月初,后期减少明显,主要是花蓟马和西花蓟马两种,美人蕉上主要的蓟马种类是黄蓟马和黄胸蓟马,在整个开花期,有3个发生高峰期,分别为7月上中旬,9月中下旬及11月上中旬,并且种群发生量大,最高时达到每花101.60±13.89头。同时花蓟马的数量也较高,最高时每花达12.60±4.35头,因此从上述的分析发现,花蓟马的适宜寄主范围广,除一年篷花上较少外,其他3种植物的花上都较多,这3种植物都可作为花蓟马的虫源地,黄蓟马和黄胸蓟马的主要适宜寄主为美人蕉花,西花蓟马则在空心莲子草上发生较多,而小头蓟马的适宜寄主则是一年篷。

In order to understand the abundance and dynamics of thrips population in uncultivated vegetation,we investigated the species and number of thrips in several kinds of flowers from middle April to middle November at Maojiabu in West Lake landscaped area and analyzed the dynamics of Frankliniella intonsa,F.occidentalis,Thrips hawaiiensis and T.flavus from the flowers of Hypericum chinese,F.intonsa,F.occidentalis,Microcephalothrips sp of Erigeron annuus,F.intonsa,F.occidentalis and T.hawaiiensis of Alternanthera philoxeroides,and F.intonsa,T.hawaiiensis,T.flavus and Scirtothrips dorsalis of Canna indica.Six genus and sixteen species of thrips were observed in all sampled flowers,and the predominant species were F.intonsa,T.hawaiiensis and T.flavus.The predominant species on H.chinese was F.intonsa,and F.occidentalis,T.hawaiiensis and T.flavus occurred occasionally.T.hawaiiensis was the predominant species on E.annuus,the population reached peak in July,the late flower time.F.intonsa and F.occidentalis were the main species on A.philoxeroides at the time of early June and July.There were three peaks on the number of T.hawaiiensis and T.flavus on whole C.indica flower period,which was early-middle July,middle-late September and early-middle November.Meanwhile,the population was high and it reached the highest value of 101.60±13.89 per flower.The population of F.intonsa was much higher,which reached 12.60±4.35 per flower in the peak.In conclusion,F.intonsa have wide range of suitable plants,H.chinese,A.philoxeroides and C.indica except E.annuus were the suitable plants in this investigation,which could be the source of thrips.The suitable plant of T.hawaiiensis and T.flavus was C.indica,the suitable plant of F.occidentalis was A.philoxeroides and the suitable plant of Microcephalothrips sp was E.annuus in this investigation.