齿轮泵工作原理的探讨

Discussion about Working Principle of a Gear Pump

目前 ,有关教材及手册对齿轮泵的工作原理几乎一致认为 :当泵的齿轮旋转时 ,随着啮合点变化 ,吸油腔工作容积增大 ,形成部分真空 ,产生吸油作用 ;在压油腔中 ,由于轮齿逐渐进入啮合 ,其工作容积减小 ,向压力管路产生压油作用。事实上 ,这种对齿轮泵工作原理所做的解释是不全面的。笔者从齿轮泵流量和吸油区产生真空机理两方面对这一问题的实质进行了探讨。

At present, a common viewpoint on working principle of gear pump is that: the working volume increases and a vacuum is generated inside the oil drawing cavity as meshing points change during rotating of the gear; while the working volume decreases and oil is pressed into the delivery pipe in the oil pressing cavity as the teeth of gears are gradually engaged each other. However, it is not completely true. In fact, the oil in a gear pump is delivered by space between the teeth of gear from the oil drawing cavity to the oil pressing cavity. A detailed analysis of gear pump working principle is presented in the paper.