降解多菌灵木霉菌株的分离及其生防与降解特性

Isolation,Identification of A Carbendazim-degrading Trichoderma sp.Strain and Its Characteritics in Degrading Carbendazim and Inhibiting Plant Pathogens

从长期施用多菌灵的葡萄园土壤中分离纯化得到一株能够降解多菌灵的木霉(Trichoderma sp.)菌株Tr1。在以多菌灵为惟一碳源的无机盐培养基中培养14 d后,该菌株对多菌灵的降解率为45.74%。在无机盐培养基中添加少量氮源,可以提高木霉Tr1对多菌灵的降解率,尤其是添加0.1%酵母粉,降解率达到了66.57%。木霉Tr1在含氮的无机盐培养基上的最适生长温度为28℃,最适初始pH为6.5。木霉Tr1还对所测定的6种植物病原真菌(Rhizoctonia solani,Phytophthora capsici,Verticillium dahliae Kleb,Phoma uvicola Berk,Bipolaris sorokiniana(Sacc.)hoemaker,Fusarium moniliforme Sheld)都具有抑菌活性。该项研究为木霉在植物病害生物防治及多菌灵污染土壤修复方面的应用提供了基础。

A Trichoderma isolate Tr1 was isolated and identified from a vineyard soil in which carbendazim had been applied for many years.When the strain Tr1 was inoculated in minimal salts medium（MSM） with carbendazim as the sole carbon and nitrogen,the degradation rate was 45.74%.The carbendzim degradation ability could be improved by adding nitrogen,especially when 0.1% yeast powder was added,the degradation rate was about 66.57%.And the optimal degradation temperature and initial pH was 28 ℃ and 6.5,respectively.Trl could inhibit pathogenic fungi（Rhizoctonia solani,Phytophthora capsici,Verticillium dahliae Kleb,Phoma uvicola Berk,Bipolaris sorokiniana（Sacc.）hoemaker,Fusarium moniliforme Sheld） besides degrading carbendazim.Therefore,it provides the base for the application of Trichoderma Tr1 in biological control and soil remediation.