中国水产品产量结构变化特征研究

Variation Features for Output Structure of Aquatic Products in China

水产品产量结构是反映渔业产业内部结构和外部资源变化的重要指示器。利用1997～2010年水产品产量数据,从生产水域、生产方式和产品种类三个不同角度,对我国水产品产量结构变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)从生产水域来看,海水产品仍是水产品市场供给的主要来源,预计到2014年淡水产品将取代海水产品地位,成为市场主力;(2)从生产方式来看,自2006年海水养殖比重超过海水捕捞比重后,标志着渔业完全实现"以养为主"的发展战略,淡水养殖产量的比重最高,已超过40%;(3)从产品种类来看,淡水鱼类、海水贝类和海水鱼类是水产品产量结构的主要品种。分析认为淡水渔业将会成为未来较长时期我国水产品供给的主要来源。建议制定淡水渔业发展战略,科学指导淡水渔业产业发展,促进淡水渔业可持续发展。

The output structure of aquatic products is an important indicator for reflecting the changes in internal structure and external resources of fishery industry. Using output data of aquatic products from 1997 to 2010 to analyze the variation features for output structure of aquatic products in China from three different angles （production water area, production method and category of products）. The results showed as follows： （i） The products from ocean is still as the main supply sources in the aquatic products market, but the products from freshwater will substitute for the products from ocean to be the main supply sources in 2014. （2） Fishery industry fully realized the developmental strategy that special emphasis on aquaculture since 2006, when the proportion of marine aquaculture was more than that of marine fishing, and the output of freshwater aquaculture had the highest proportion, which already was over 40%. （3） Freshwater fishes, marine shellfish and marine fishes are the main varieties of aquatic products. The analysis indicated that the freshwater fishery will be the main supply sources of aquatic products market in China in the next decades. Therefore, it recommended formulating a developmental strategy for freshwater fishery in order to scientifically guide the development and promote the sustainable development of freshwater fishery industry.