孤独症谱系障碍儿童面孔识别的眼动研究

Eye-tracking study on face recognition in children with autism spectrum disorders

【目的】探索孤独症谱系障碍儿童面孔注视模式。【方法】使用Tobii T60眼动仪记录眼动轨迹,比较孤独症谱系障碍儿童以及正常对照组观看陌生面孔、熟悉面孔以及自我面孔时注视模式的差异。【结果】孤独症谱系障碍儿童对面孔核心区域(包括眼睛、嘴巴以及鼻子)的注视时间比例均低于正常对照组儿童(P<0.05),对非核心区域的注视时间比例高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。【结论】孤独症谱系障碍儿童在眼睛以及嘴巴注视上均存在缺陷。面孔注视的缺陷可能与孤独症谱系障碍儿童社会性情感以及沟通功能缺失密切相关。

【Objective】 To explore face scanning patterns in children with autism spectrum disorders（ASD）. 【Method】 With a Tobii T60 eye tracker,the differences were compared and analyzed in scanning patterns of familiar faces,unfamiliar faces and the self face between children with ASD and typical controls. 【Result】 The study found shorter fixation duration at the core facial features（eyes,mouth and nose,P〈0.05）,and longer at non-feature regions in children with ASD than in typically developing（TD） children（P〈0.05）. 【Conclusions】 Children with ASD have impairments of face processing,especially in the eyes and the mouth.Face scanning deficiency probably contributes to impairments in social emotion and communication function in children with ASD.