上海地区骚扰阿蚊生态学调查初报

Ecological survey on Armigeres subalhatus in Shang Hai area

近年来,上海市郊骚扰阿蚊密度逐年上升,密度指数从1987年的0.29只/m^2上升至1989年的1.06只/m^2,构成比从1987年的6.33%上升到1989年的20.09%。每年12月至翌年4月为消失期,5月开始出现,7月急剧增加,8～10月为高峰期,11月份下降。分析63份水样,证实该蚊喜欢孳生在氨氮量平均在188.2mg/L、耗氧量平均值为301.76mg/L的清水粪池和猪粪池水体中。嗜血习性调查,表明人、畜血兼吸,其嗜人血与嗜畜血的比例,取决于血源对象的远近和保护率。在上海,该蚊昼夜均有活动,以下午4时以及晚8和12时为高峰。3～4龄期幼虫为主要越冬态,整个越冬期为12月至翌年4月上旬。

In recent year the density of Armigeres subalbatus has been gradually increasing in Shanghai area. The index in density of mosquito in 1987 was 0.29/m^2 which increased in 1.06/m^2 by the 1989, and the constiteunt ratio of mosquito was 6.33% which rose up to 20.09% by the 1989. The mosquitoes would appear in May grow sharply in July, the peaks of density is in August to October, and then gradually decrease in November. It will disappear from December to next April in every year. After analysis 63 samples taken from local the result confirmed that the suitable place for their breeding is Human manure ponds and pig manure ponds where the amount of nitrogen of ammonia is 188.2mg/λ in an average, the contents of consumptive oxygen is 301.70mg/l in an average. The blood sucking addiction habit reveal that they would suck both human and domestic animal blood, but which one is prefer to them that will depent on the distance of the source of blood and its protected conditions. The activity of mosquitoes could be at 24 hours but the peak is at 4 hr.afternoon and at 8 to 12 hr.at night. Over-wintering stage is at 3 to 4 age's larva. From December to next April is overwintering stages.