烟酸对幼年高脂肥胖大鼠血脂及血管内皮凝血功能的干预作用

Preventive Effect of Niacin on Serum Lipid and Vascular Endothelial Blood Coagulation Function of Juvenile Obese Rats

目的研究烟酸对幼年高脂肥胖大鼠血脂及血管内皮凝血功能的影响。方法 Wistar大鼠32只随机分为正常对照组和肥胖组,分别饲予基础饲料和高脂饲料。8周后肥胖大鼠造模成功,肥胖组大鼠再随机分为3组:食谱控制组(单纯控制食谱)、烟酸干预组(控制食谱+烟酸)、高脂对照组(继续高脂饮食)。正常对照组继续饲予基础饲料。干预12周后,处死全部大鼠,测定血脂指标,包括总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL),计算动脉粥样硬化指数(AI);血管内皮凝血因子:酶联免疫吸附双抗凝夹心法检测其血浆血管性假血友病因子(vWF)水平,免疫组织化学法检测其腹主动脉内皮vWF蛋白的表达。结果烟酸干预组大鼠TC、TG、LDL、AI、血浆vWF和腹主动脉内皮vWF蛋白表达水平显著低于高脂对照组大鼠,HDL显著高于高脂对照组大鼠;食谱控制组大鼠TC、TG显著降低,LDL、AI、腹主动脉内皮vWF蛋白表达水平有所降低但仍高于正常对照组大鼠,血浆vWF、血清HDL与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义。结论烟酸可改善血脂、血管内皮凝血功能,调节血脂紊乱和血管内皮凝血功能障碍是烟酸类药物改善动脉粥样硬化预后的可能机制。

Objective To study the effect of niacin on the serum lipid level and vascular endothelial blood coagulation function in juve- nile obese rats feeding on high - fat - diet. Methods Thirty - two Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group （ n = 8 ） , rats in which were given basic -diet, and obese group（ n = 24 ） , and the animal were given high- fat- diet. After 8 weeks, the animal model with o- besity were established successfully. Then obese rats were divided into 3 groups randomly ： diet - control group （ diet - control only） ; niacin group（ received diet- control with niacin）;high- fat- diet group （received high- fat- diet continuously）. The normal control group were given basic - diet continuously. All rats were killed after 12 weeks of intervention. Then the levels of serum total cholesterol（TC） , triglyceride （TG） , high density lipoprotein （ HDL ） , low density lipoprotein （ LDL ） , atheroselerotie index （ AI ） , and plasma yon Willebrand factor （ vWF ） were measured. The expression of vWF protein in artery endothelium was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with high - fat - diet group, the levels of TC, TG, LDL, AI, vWF, and the expression of vWF protein in artery endothelium decreased dramatically in niacin group, the levels of HDL increased in niacin group. Compared with high -fat- diet group, the levels of TC, TG, LDL, AI and the expression of vWF protein in artery endothelium decreased in diet - control group, but the levels of LDL, AI and the expression of vWF protein were still higher than those in normal control group. Conclusions Niacin can meliorate the hyperlipidemia and vascular coagulation dysfunction,which can be the mechanism of niacin meliorating the prognosis of atherosclerosis.