西安地区啮齿动物种群分布与动态研究

Study on the population distribution and its dynamics of rodents in Xi an area

西安地区啮齿动物隶属4科16属24种,其中子午沙鼠为本地区首次报道。鼠密度以渭河南部台原区最高(21.69%),西安市城区次之(8.04%),渭河谷地平原区最低(6.32%)。种群分布,渭河谷地平原区及渭河台原区均以大仓鼠、黑线姬鼠为优势种,西安市城区以黑线姬鼠为优势种。种群变迁,10余年来以黄胸鼠明显上升和褐家鼠的显著下降为特点,本文还分析了啮齿动物与自然疫源性疾病的关系,提出了加强病原及疫情监测、大力灭鼠以预防鼠传疾病、控制鼠类危害的建议。

Rodents population in Xi an area belong to 24 species 16 genera and 4 families. Meriones meridianus Pall is the first time being reported in the area. The density of M. meridianus is a widely distribution at the southern part of Wei-river Taiyan area 21.69%, Xi an urban region is next, about 8.04%. It is the lower at the valley of Wei river plains, about 6.32%. The character of population in rodents, Cricetulus triton and Apodemus agrarius were predominant species at he valley's plains and Wei river Tai yan districts. But Apodemus agrarius is predominant species at urban of Xi an . The migration of rodents population in the area showed that R. flavipectus was obviously increasing for the past 10 years, and R. norvigicus was distinctly decreasing in the past 10 years. The relationship between rodents population and natural focus of endemic disease were discussed, and presented a programme about enhance the surveillance of diseases, promotion the work of of pest contorol to prevented rats-borne diseases to the local municipality.