喉瘪怪蚤的某些生态特点及媒介意义

The ecological Characteristics of Paradoxopsyllus kalabukhovi and Their Vector Significance

本调查证实,喉瘪怪蚤分布在内蒙北部荒漠草原河谷低地生境;主要宿主为黄兔尾鼠、了午沙鼠和长爪沙鼠;一年内仅出现于9月至翌年2月,10～11月为数量高峰。1979年首次自喉瘪怪蚤检出鼠疫菌,共染疫数和检出率仅次于禿病蚤和近代新蚤。在鼠疫动物病流行过程中,其对促进秋冬季流行高峰、辅助主要媒介携带鼠疫菌越冬方面,具有不可忽视的作用。

This investigation showed that the Paradoxopsyllus kalabukhovi distributed in the lowland of river valley of northern desert-steppe area of Inner Mongolia. The main hosts of this flea are Lagurus luteus, Meriones meridianus and M. unguiculatus . The flea was only found in the period of September and February, the peak of the number was in the period of October and November. The plague bacilli were first time cultured from P. kalabukhovi in 1979. The number and proportion of infected p. kalabukhovi was next to No sopsyllus laeviceps kuzenkovi and Neopsylla pleskei orientalis. This flea plays a very important role in advancing the prevalent peak of plague in autumn and winter and helping the main vector overwintering with plague in the epizootic process of plague.