小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜的发病机制及治疗进展

Progress of the Pathogenesis Research and Treatment of Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Children

小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)是儿童时期最常见的出血性疾病。大多数ITP患儿预后较好,而部分患儿则转为难治性ITP。目前还没有特殊的治疗方法,这部分患儿病情反复发作、迁移不愈,不仅加重家庭负担还严重影响患儿的生活质量。目前主要的治疗方法主要有糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂以及脾切除等,不良反应较大。该病发病机制不是很明确,病因多种多样。

Children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura,also known as immune thrombocytopenic purpura（ITP）is the most common childhood hemorrhagic disease.Most children with ITP have good prognosis,but some evolve into refractory ITP,with no specific treatment currently,who suffer from recurrence and migration of the disease,not only increasing the family′s burden but also seriously affecting the quality of life of children.At present,the main treatment is corticosteroids,immunosuppressive agents and splenectomy etc.,which have great adverse effects.Pathogenesis of the disease is not very clear,whereas there are a variety of causes.