评析卢梭的自然主义体育思想特质

Comments on the Characteristics of Rousseau's Naturalism Sports Thought

从身心和谐发展的体育目标、自然教育的体育内容和塑造品格的体育功能方法三个方面对卢梭的自然主义体育思想特质进行分析,揭示出其体育思想的内涵是重视自然的人性和本性能力的自然发展,强调身心和谐的体育目标及注重感官训练的教学方式,主张自然教育的体育内容必须依据儿童年龄和身心发展的阶段,并且注重游戏活动,尊重儿童天性的发展,对于体育活动赋予道德教育的功能,把体育活动视为塑造品格、培养道德的最佳方法。通过对卢梭自然主义体育思想特质的评析,得出了深化对身心健康培养的认识和创造与自然和谐的体育环境这两方面的启示,并据此为学校体育理论思想构建提供相关的建议。

The characteristics of Rousseau＇ s naturalism sports thought has been analyzed from the sports goal of physical and psychological harmonious development, the sports content of na- ture education and the sports function method of shaping character. It reveals that the connota- tion of his sports thought is attaching importance to the humanity of the nature and the natural development of instinctive capacity, highlighting the physical and psychological harmonious sports goal and focusing on the teaching method of sense training, advocating that the sports content of nature education should be based on the age of children and the stage of physical and psychological development, focusing on the game activities and respecting the instinctive development of chiktren. As for the function of moral education endowed by sports activities, the sport activities should be considered as the best method of shaping character and cuhivating ethics. In this paper, the comments on the characteristics of Rousseau＇s naturalism sports thought have given enlightenment in two aspects, i. e. to deepen understanding of developing physical and psychological health, and to create the sports environment which is harmonious with the nature, and have provided beneficial suggestions on how tc construct the school sports theory and thought are presented.