单端孢霉烯族毒素及其脱毒微生物国外研究进展

Foreign research progress on trichothecenes and microbes of detoxification

单端孢霉烯族毒素是一大类霉菌毒素,对人与动物具有非常大的毒性。它们广泛存在于粮食、饲料及以被污染粮食为原料的食品中,不仅给食品安全带来了一定的隐患,也影响到畜牧业生产。许多学者正在研究食品和饲料中单端孢霉烯族毒素的控制方法,其中生物脱毒是目前的研究热点,例如利用微生物将毒素转化成无毒或低毒的化合物。由于生物脱毒具有许多优点,因而具有广阔的前景。本文综述了单端孢霉烯族毒素的结构与毒性官能团,以及单端孢霉烯族毒素脱毒微生物方面的研究进展,旨在为单端孢霉烯族毒素的转化降解研究提供参考。

Trichothecenes were a large class of mycotoxins,which were highly toxic to humans and animals.They were commonly found in grain and in animal feed and in human food produced from contaminated grain.It was not only a concern for food safety, but also highly relevant to the livestock industry.Methods of controlling trichothecenes in food and feed were being studied, among which bio-detoxification was a hot research at present,such as the use of microorganisms and enzymes,to convert the toxins into non or less toxic compounds. Bio-detoxification had a broad prospect, as it had lots of advantages.This review described the chemical structures and toxicity functional groups of trichothecenes,and researched progress of microbes of detoxification of trichothecenes, hoped to provide some reference for study on transformation and degradation of trichothecenes.