儿科病区病原菌分布及耐药情况分析

目的了解儿科病区病原菌分布及其耐药情况,为临床治疗和预防控制感染提供依据。方法对儿科病区2009年～2011年6月的临床标本中分离培养的细菌及耐药情况进行调查分析,依据《全国临床检验操作规程》第3版的规定要求分离培养病原菌,采用VITEK-AMS微生物自动分析仪进行菌株鉴定。结果共检出病原菌490株,其中革兰氏阳性菌147株(30.00%),革兰氏阴性菌310株(63.27%),真菌33株(6.73%)。检出数量前6位病原菌依次为:大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌、表皮葡萄球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、真菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。产ESBLs的肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌分别为61.43%、30.43%,MRSA检出率为20.83%。结论通过病原体监测了解细菌分布及其耐药趋势,对合理选择抗菌药物,控制耐药菌株产生,有效预防儿科感染性疾病有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution characteristics and drug resistances of pathogens in pediatric ward. Methods A retrospective investigation was made for the clinical pathogens as well as the drug resistance in pediatric ward from 2009 to June 2011《.National clinical laboratory operating procedures（》the third edition）was followed for isolating the pathogenic bacteria. VITEK-AMS automatic analyzer was applied for microbial strain identification. Results A total of 490 strains of pathogens were isolated from samples, which included 147 strains of G＋ bacteria （30.00%）, 310 strains of G- bacteria （63.27%） and 33 strains of fungi （6.73%）. The number of pathogens detected in the first 6 was followed： Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumooniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Acinetobacter baumannii, fungi and Staphylococcus aureus. The rates of Klebsiella pneumooniae, Escherichia coli which produced ESBLs were 61.43% and 30.43%. The detection rate of MRSA was 20.83%. Conclusion Inspecting pathogens and studying the trend of drug resistance were important for selecting antibiotics rationally, reducing infection incidence, and decreasing the occurrence of drug resistant strains in pediatric ward.