施用胂·锌·福美双对西洋参及其栽培土壤中砷残留量的影响

Effects of different urbacid·ziram·thiram doses on arsenic residue in Panax quinquefolius roots and its cultivated soil

选择3年生西洋参进行田间试验,设计胂·锌·福美双两个施用量以400～600倍药液均匀喷施全株,处理2年后,测定田间土壤样品及西洋参根中砷含量。西洋参根中砷含量与胂·锌·福美双的使用量有显著相关关系,与对照相比,每年施用3～4次胂·锌·福美双,砷含量增加64.52%～101.68%,但低于目前中国药典的相关规定(2mg/kg)。胂·锌·福美双的施用与土壤砷含量无显著相关关系(R2=0.1890)。在相同施用量情况下,随着有机质含量的增加土壤砷含量有所增加。含砷类农药的施用有可能增加西洋参中砷的残留,应尽量减少高含量重金属杀菌剂的应用并关注有关肥料的使用。

The relationships between different urbacid·ziram·thiram doses and arsenic residue in American ginseng（Panax quinquefolius） roots was investigated,and this provided basis for practical application of arsenic chemicals.Two doses of urbacid·ziram·thiram were sprayed on leaves of three-year ginseng seedlings according to the procedure during growing season in the outdoor trial fields in two sequential years,and ginseng roots and surrounding soil were collected and determined for arsenic in the second autumn.The results showed that arsenic contents in the American ginseng roots were enhanced（p0.05） by 64.52%-101.68% due to raised urbacid·ziram·thiram doses compared with the control,which was within the scope of permissible limits（2 mg/kg） of American ginseng root in Chinese pharmacopoeia（2010）.Arsenic contents in the tested soil had no significant correlation（R2=0.1890）with urbacid·ziram·thiram application,and under the same dose,increased along with the increase of organic matter.Fungicide containing arsenic may increase arsenic residue in American ginseng roots.The application of chemicals that contain heavy metals should be reduced and carefully used if necessary.