广东省新推广大豆品种病害的初步调查

Preliminary investigation of diseases on new extensive soybean varieties in Guangdong Province

本文采用普查和定点调查以及传统的植物病害鉴定方法,在2006年6月至2010年10月对广东省新推广高产优质大豆品种的病害种类、发生危害及分布进行了调查。发现病害共有12种,其中真菌病害9种,分别是锈病、霜霉病、红冠腐病、丝核菌叶枯病、炭疽病、白绢病、白粉病、镰刀菌根腐病和煤烟病;细菌性病害、线虫病害和病毒病害各1种,分别为细菌性叶斑病、根结线虫病和花叶病。主要病害为锈病、霜霉病、红冠腐病、花叶病、丝核菌叶枯病和炭疽病等。不同季节大豆的主要病害发生情况不同。春大豆以霜霉病发生较为严重;而夏大豆则以红冠腐病、锈病、花叶病毒病和丝菌核叶枯病发生较严重。

Diseases on new extensive soybean varieties in Guangdong Province were investigated and identified by general-and key-point investigations,and by traditional disease identification methods from June 2006 to October 2010.Twelve soybean diseases were recorded,including 9 fungal diseases,1 bacterial disease,1 nematode disease,and 1 viral disease.The fungal diseases were rust,downy mildew,red crown rot,Rhizoctonia foliar blight,anthracnose,southern stem rot,powdery mildew,Fusarium root rot,and sooty mold,respectively.The bacterial disease was bacterial leaf spot.The nematode disease was root-knot nematode,and the viral disease was mosaic virus.The main diseases were rust,downy mildew,red crown rot,mosaic virus,Rhizoctonia foliar blight,and anthracnose.The occurrence of main diseases varied with seasons.In spring,soybean downy mildew was the most frequently occurring disease,whereas in summer,red crown rot,rust,Rhizoctonia foliar blight,and mosaic virus were more prevalent.