健康管理模式在年龄相关性黄斑变性患者中的应用

Application of health management mold in patients with age-related macular degeneration

目的探讨健康管理模式在年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）患者中的应用效果。方法选择眼科门诊AMD早期患者60例，按随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组各30例。干预组构建健康管理模式，建立患者健康档案，定期应用阿姆斯勒（Amsler）表筛查，进行日常生活和饮食指导；对照组采用常规宣教法。结果应用健康管理模式1年后干预组患者生活习惯改善，定期使用Amsler表的患者占83．3％，对照组仅有26．7％，两组比较差异有统计学意义（Х^2=19．46，P〈0．01）；干预组仅1例玻璃膜疣融合增多，对照组有6例，两组比较差异有统计学意义（Х^2=4．04，P〈0．05）；进展情况与对照组相比，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论健康管理模式可有效改善患者生活习惯，延缓干性黄斑变性向湿性黄斑变性的进展。

Objective To evaluate the application of health management in patients with age-related macular degeneration （AMD）. Methods Sixty AMD patients of PUMCH eye clinic were divided into experimental group and control group, each group had thirty patients. Patients incontrol group were given routine health education, and patients in experimental group received the health management model, such as routine vision test of Amsler chart, instructions for routine life and diet. Results The life style of the health management group had more improvement than the routine group through one year＇ s following-up. 83.3% patients in experimental group used Amsler chart periodically and only 26.7% in control group, there was statistically significant difference between the two groups（ Х^2 = 19.46 ,P 〈0. 01 ）, there was only 1 patient with drusen increasing and integrating in experimental group but 6 cases in control group, the difference was obvious （ Х^2 = 4.04, P 〈 0.05 ） the difference of progression of disease between the two groups was significantly obvious （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions The application of health management model in AMD patients will effectively improve the their life-style and life-quality, and may delay the progress of disease.