南京市汽车4S店职业健康监护KAP干预研究

Intervention study on KAP of Occupational health surveillance among automobile 4S shops in Nanjing City

目的调查干预前后南京市汽车4S店职业健康监护相关知识、态度、行为(KAP)的变化情况,为探索监管方法提供依据。方法使用统一的调查问卷,于干预前对54家汽车4S店的管理人员54人进行基线调查,并通过宣教、要求整改等监管措施进行干预,干预结束后再次对上述汽车4S店管理人员进行调查,评价干预效果。结果干预前,汽车4S店管理人员职业健康监护相关知识的总体知识知晓率、态度正确率、行为形成率分别为8.3%、37.7%、4.8%;干预后,总体知识知晓率、态度正确率、行为形成率分别为87.0%、93.8%、71.5%,均较干预前有显著提高,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论通过干预,使汽车4S店管理方知晓了职业健康监护相关法律法规知识,认识到职业健康监护工作的意义以及开始组织接触职业病危害的劳动者进行职业健康检查,监管取得了良好的效果。

[Objective]To investigate the changes of occupational health surveillance knowledge,attitude,practice（KAP） of the automobile 4S shop managers,and provide evidence for exploring supervision methods.[Methods]A unified baseline questionnaire survey was conducted among 54 managers from 54 automobile 4S shops.After the propaganda,rectification requirement and other regulatory measures,questionnaire survey was conducted again,then the results were evaluated.[Results]The total KAP rates of occupational health surveillance among automobile 4S shop managers before intervention were 8.3%,37.7%,4.8% respectively,and those after intervention were 87.0%,93.8%,71.5% respectively.Significantly differences were found before and after intervention（all P 0.01）.[Conclusion]The intervention makes the manages of automobile 4S shop know the knowledge of relevant laws and regulations of occupational health surveillance and recognize the significance of occupational health surveillance.The health examination on workers exposed to occupational hazards has been started by their efforts which means the supervision is effective.