镉观察对象尿镉及肾功能损害指标7年跟踪研究

Seven-year follow-up study of urinary cadmium and renal function impairment indicators of cadmium observed object

目的对镉观察对象停止镉作业后进行跟踪调查,探讨镉超标与肾功能损害的关系。方法自2005年7月—2011年7月,对惠州市某镍镉电池厂371名工人停止镉作业的镉观察对象跟踪观察7年,分析尿镉、尿β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)、尿视黄醇结合蛋白的变化规律。结果镉观察对象停止镉作业后,2005—2011年尿镉均值与2004年相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。尿β2-MG、尿视黄醇结合蛋白有所下降,但差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论镉观察对象停止镉作业7 a后,体内镉负荷明显下降,但仍超标,停止镉作业后一般不会造成肾脏的进一步损害。

[Objective]To follow up the cadmium observed objects after they retired from the work with cadmium exposure,to discuss the relationship between excessive cadmium and renal dysfunction. [Methods]From July 2005-July 2011,371 worker retired from work with cadmium in a nickel-cadmium battery factory were followed up for 7 years,the variation of urinary cadmium,urinary β_2 MG,retinol binding protein was analyzed. [Results]After the worker retiring from the work with cadmium exposure,the urinary cadmium mean value during 2005-2011 was significantly different from that in 2004（P0.05）.The levels of urinary β_2 MG,retinol binding protein was decreased,but the differences were not significant（both P0.05）. [Conclusion]Body cadmium loading decreases obviously after cadmium observed objects retire for 7 years,but its level is still over standard.The further damage of the kidney will not be lasted after their retire.