β-胡萝卜素遗传毒性研究

Study on genetic toxicity of β-carotene

目的探讨β-胡萝卜素的遗传毒性,为其安全使用提供科学依据。方法 Ames试验,采用平板掺入法,分加和不加代谢激活系统S9 2组平行试验,受试物设5个剂量组,计数各组回变菌落数;骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验,受试物设3个剂量组,检测骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率;小鼠精子畸形试验,受试物设3个剂量组,观察不同剂量的β-胡萝卜素致小鼠精子畸形的数目。上述试验均设阴性对照组和阳性对照组。Ames试验另设一组空白对照组。结果 Ames试验,β-胡萝卜素各剂量组引起的回变菌落数未超过空白对照组自发回变菌落数的1倍以上;骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验,受试物各剂量组微核率与阴性对照组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而阳性对照组与阴性对照组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);小鼠精子畸形试验,受试物各剂量组小鼠精子畸形率与阴性对照组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而阳性对照组与阴性对照组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论β-胡萝卜素对所试菌株、小鼠体细胞及生殖细胞无诱变性。

[Objective]To investigate the genetic toxicity ofβ-carotene,and provide the scientific basis for its safe use. [Methods]Ames test,sub-plus and without S9 metabolic activation system in 2 parallel tests,the tested compounds with 5 dose groups,and the revertant colonies were scored.Cell micronucleus test of marrow was used.The tested compounds located 3 dose groups,and the micronucleus polychromatic erythrocytes of marrow were observed and measured.Mouse sperm morphology test located 3 dose groups.The deform numbers of sperm due to different doses of β-carotene were noted.The negative control test group and positive control group were located above 3 tests.Ames test located a single blank control group. [Results]In Ames test,the number of revertant colonies due toβ-carotene was less than that of control group.The micronucleus test showed there were no significant difference in micronucleus rate and deform numbers of sperm between β-carotene groups and negative control group（P0.05）,but there was a significant difference between negative control group and positive control group（P0.01）. [Conclusion]Theβ-carotene is not mutagenic to tested strains,somatic cell and germ cells in mice.