我国国境口岸传染病监测分析

Monitoring and analysis of infectious diseases at frontier ports in China

目的通过对中国国境口岸传染病患者的流行病学分析,掌握国境口岸传染病流行的现状及特点,为国境口岸传染病的预防控制提供依据和建议。方法于2009年6月—2010年5月对中国国境口岸出入境人员以及口岸从业人员传染病监测数据进行描述流行病学分析。结果传染病检出率居前5位的口岸依次是西藏(55.41%)、云南(5.62%)、珠海(4.00%)、天津(3.64%)、青海(3.20%)。境外传染病患者中以来自东亚和东南亚地区的最多;口岸传染病患者以中青年男性为主;中国籍各种传染病检出率排在前3位的职业依次为司机(3.88%)、涉外婚姻(1.95%)、商务人员(1.68%);外籍出入境人员传染病检出率居前3位的职业依次为船员(4.20%)、边民(3.7l%)、服务人员(2.31%)。结论需要加强对口岸重点人群的监测以及传染病防治知识的宣传和普及,防止传染病通过国境口岸传入传出。

[Objective]Through the epidemiological analysis of patients with infectious diseases at frontier ports in China,learn about the epidemic status and characteristics of infectious diseases at frontier ports,and provide the basis and recommendation for infectious diseases control and prevention at frontier ports. [Methods]The monitoring data of infectious diseases of entry-exit people and staff working at ports of frontier ports in China from June 2009 to May 2010 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. [Results]The first 5 international ports with the highest detection rate were Tibet（55.41%）,Yunnan（5.62%）,Zhuhai（4.00%）,Tianjin（3.64%） and Qinghai（3.20%）.The majority of overseas patients with infectious diseases came from East Asia and South-east Asia,and most of patients working at ports were young middle male.The top 3 occupations of high detection rate in Chinese patients were driver（3.88%）,people who marry with foreigners（1.95%） and businessman（1.68%）.The top 3 occupations of high detection rate in foreigners with infectious diseases were seaman（4.20%）,people living at the frontiers（3.71%）,service worker（2.31%）. [Conclusion]It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance in high risk population and education of knowledge about infectious diseases prevention,in order to effectively prevent the spread of infectious diseases through international ports.