提高慢性心力衰竭患者自我护理水平的方法研究

Study on the improvement of self-care level in patients with chronic heart failure

目的探讨提高慢性心力衰竭(心衰)患者自我护理水平的方法。方法通过院内授课、出院前宣教、电话随访3个阶段系统的对80例慢性心衰患者从心理、饮食、运动、服药、自我监测、家庭支持等方面进行培训,提高患者的自我护理水平,并以6个月内再入院率与对照组(80例)进行比较。结果慢性心衰患者的自我护理水平得到了提高,试验组6个月内再入院率为14.1%(11/78),小于对照组的再入院率27.6%(21/26),经卡方检验,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.28,P<0.05)。结论通过3个阶段来提高慢性心衰患者的自我护理水平,可有效减少6个月内再入院率。

[Objective]To study the methods for improving the self-care level of patients with chronic heart failure. [Methods]With three stages of hospital teaching,education before discharge and telephone follow-up,80 patients with chronic heart failure were given the training which included psychology,diet,and medication,self-monitoring,family support and so on,in order to improve the self-care level.The readmission rate within 6 months of patients was compared with that of the control group（80 cases）. [Results]The self-care level of patients with chronic heart failure has been improved.The readmission rate within 6 months of the test group was 14.1%（11/78）,which was lower than that of the control group [27.6%（21/26）],and the result of chi-square test showed that the different was significant（χ2=4.28,P0.05）. [Conclusion]The three stages training can improve the self-care level of patients with chronic heart failure,and effectively reduce the readmission rate within 6 months.