北京市某区医院应对流行性感冒大流行救治能力的现状

Present situation of hospitals' capacity for coping with the influenza pandemic in a district of Beijing

目的了解和分析北京市某区医院应对流行性感冒(流感)大流行准备现状,为制定流感大流行应对策略和措施提供基础信息。方法 2010年4月12—23日由接受过培训的疾病预防控制部门工作人员按照统一的调查表对辖区内18家医疗机构进行问卷调查。结果全区有10家发热门诊能正常运转;16家二级以上医院呼吸相关科室平均医护人员比例为1∶1.64,其中13家不足1∶2;16家有病床的医院呼吸相关科室病床占全院病床的比例为11.51%;14家医院有ICU病房,其中8家医院ICU病床占全院病床比例低于2%;10家三级医院中有4家ICU病房呼吸机数量与病床数之比不低于100%;18家医院均无负压隔离病房,13家有普通隔离病房;5家可以开具神经氨酸酶抑制剂类药物。结论全区发热门诊数量和呼吸相关科室病床数不足;ICU病床数占全院病床数比例偏低:抗病毒药物储备不足。目前全区医院应对流感大流行能力有限。

[Objective]To understand and analyze the present situation of preparation for coping with influenza pandemic of hospitals in a district of Beijing,provide the basic information for making the coping strategies and measures of influenza pandemic. [Methods]During 12-23 April 2010,the questionnaire survey was conducted in 18 medical institutions in the district with uniform questionnaires by CDC staff who received the training. [Results]10 fever clinics could operate normally in the district.The average ratio of doctor to nurse in department associated with respiratory disease of 16 hospitals at second-class and above was 1∶1.64,and that of 13 hospitals was under 1∶2.In 16 hospitals,the sickbed number in department associated with respiratory disease accounted for 11.51% of all sickbeds in the hospitals.14 hospitals had intensive care units（ICU）,and the proportion of sickbeds in the ICU of 8 hospitals was less than 2% of all sickbeds.Among 10 third-class hospitals,the ratio of breathing machines to sickbeds in 4 hospitals was not less than 100%.All of 18 hospitals had no negative air pressure isolation ward,13 hospitals had normal isolation ward,and 5 hospitals could prescribe the neuraminidase inhibitors. [Conclusion]The number of fever clinics and sickbeds in department associated with respiratory disease is not enough in the district.The proportion of sickbeds in ICU to all sickbeds in hospitals is low,and the reserve of antiviral drugs is insufficient.At present,the hospital＇s capacity for coping with the influenza pandemic in the district is limited.