急性盆腔炎致病因素及病原微生物分析

Analysis on pathogenic factors and pathogenic microorganisms of acute pelvic inflammatory disease

目的了解急性盆腔炎的致病因素及病原微生物的特点,为临床治疗及预防提供科学依据。方法采用调查表、病例分析及病原体培养药敏试验进行病例对照研究,盆腔炎患者和无盆腔炎的健康者各120例。结果性传播疾病史、经期卫生不良、流产史、无避孕措施等均为盆腔炎的危险因素,OR值均大于1,这些因素与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);而宫内节育器能够降低盆腔炎的危险度(OR=0.29);病原体耐药率较高,对青霉素类耐药率为59.33%,对大环内酯类耐药率为82.03%。结论盆腔炎大多为混合性感染,应及早联合大剂量用药并注意巩固疗效防止复发;预防本病应加大卫生宣传力度,提高性活跃期妇女卫生知识水平,有效降低本病的患病率。

[Objective]To study the pathogenic factors and pathogenic microorganisms of acute pelvic inflammatory disease（PID）,provide the scientific basis for clinical treatment and prevention. [Methods]The case-control study was conducted with questionnaire,case analysis and pathogen culture for drug sensitivity test.120 PID patients and 120 healthy controls were collected. [Results]History of STD,bad health habits during menstrual period,abortion history and no use of contraceptive measures were the risk factors of PID,all of OR values were more than 1,and there were significant differences in these factors between the study group and the control group（P0.01）.The intrauterine device could reduce the risk degree of PID（OR=0.29）.The drug resistance rate of pathogens was high.The resistance rate to penicillins and macrolides was 59.33% and 82.03% respectively. [Conclusion]Most of PID patients are mixed infections,it is necessary to catty out the combined high-dose medication as early as possible,consolidate the curative effect and prevent recurrence.In order to prevent PID,it is important to improve the health education,enhance the health knowledge level of the women in sexualy active periods,and effectively reduce the prevalence rate of PID.