关于土地利用规划本质、功能和战略导向的思考

Rethinking Land Use Planning:Nature,Function and Strategic Direction

研究目的:对土地利用规划本质、功能进行科学认知,对规划战略导向进行理性定位,有利于促进土地利用规划编制、实施和管理水平的进一步提高,实现有限土地空间的可持续利用。研究方法:文献资料法,归纳总结法。研究结果:从6个方面诠释了土地利用规划的本质,用优化模型表达了土地利用规划的功能,提出了新时期土地利用规划调控的战略导向。研究结论:规划本质从历史上看是人类文明用地的产物,从权利上看是对土地发展权的分配,从行政上看是对土地市场失灵的一种纠正,从宗旨上看是对未来土地利用的控制,从技术上看是对土地利用系统时空的优化,从管理上看是提高土地利用决策科学性的手段;土地利用规划最核心的功能是其对未来土地利用时空的导向,目前需要从单功能目标规划向多功能目标规划的导向转型;规划战略需要不断创新完善,即要明确3个基本判断和3个"兼顾"。

The purposes of this paper are to summarize the nature and function, and rationally point out the strategic direction of land use planning in order to improve its design, implementation and management aiming the sustainability for land use. Research methods are documentation, induction, and summarization. The results include that 1 ） interpreting the nature of land use planning from the six aspects, 2） expressing the functions of land use planning based on optimization model, and 3） proposing China＇s current strategic direction of land use planning. The conclusions are 1 ） the nature of land use planning is a result of human civilization from historic perspective, is an assignment of land development rights from property perspective, is a rectification of market failure from administrative perspective, is a control of land future use from purpose perspective, is a optimization of spatial land use from technical perspective, and is a measurement of improving scientific decision making from management perspective; 2） the core function of land use planning is the future guidance for spatially land use; 3） current strategy of land-use planning needs to be constantly innovated and improved, i.e., covering the so-called three fundamental judgments and three coordination.