驾驶行为模型的研究进展

A Review on Driving Behavior Models

驾驶员行为模型的研究对于预测和干预驾驶员的风险行为、设计相关的道路安全设施与车内设备,以及制定交通法律法规等具有重要的意义。为了解和掌握学术界关于驾驶行为模型的研究进展,搜集、筛选和归纳了1960—2010年被SCI数据库索引的相关文章,将驾驶行为模型分类为描述性模型、信息处理模型、动机模型、计划行为理论(TPB)和躯体标识假设,并对每种模型进行评述和总结,理清这些模型间的内在联系。研究发现,现有各模型只是从某个角度研究驾驶员行为的部分特征,而不能解释驾驶员的全部行为。今后应不断完善和整合各类模型,并借鉴心理学、生理学和行为科学等相关领域的理论、知识,使驾驶行为模型变得更为实用、有效。

The research on driving behavior models could be useful for the prediction and intervention of risky behavior of drivers, the design of road facilities and in-vehicle equipment, and the improvement of traffic regulations. Relevant articles indexed by Web of Science from 1960 to 2010 were collected for the review of the development of driver behavior models, including descriptive models, information processing models, motivational models, TPB model and Somatic marker hypothesis. Summary and comments were given to those models which were widely cited, along with the internal relationships among these models. It is concluded that each of these models can only partly explain driving behaviors, thus much effort should be spent on their continuous improvement, integration, and the introduction of new findings from psychol- ogy, physiology, behavior science, and other related disciplines, so that they would become more practical and effective.