煤矿综掘面泡沫降尘技术研究与实施

Study on Dust Control Technology with Foam in Fully Mechanized Workface of Huoerxinhe Coal Mine

针对煤矿综掘面粉尘治理技术中存在的不足,采用泡沫降尘新技术结合长压短抽式通风方式进行粉尘防治。以霍尔辛赫矿为例,根据井下实际情况,利用GAMB IT和FLUENT建立掘进巷道的几何模型,并对巷道掘进通风过程中粉尘分布规律进行解算,将模拟结果和现场实测数据对比,确定掘进面回风侧的高浓度粉尘分布区。对掘进面煤样进行湿润性试验,确定最佳的发泡剂添加比例。综合以上情况,泡沫降尘技术实施时采用环形前置式喷头布置,发泡剂添加比例定为10‰,并在回风侧距掘进面5 m、距底板2 m处设置风筒,将高浓度粉尘抽出并沉降。现场实测数据显示,泡沫降尘技术降尘效率明显高于喷雾降尘技术。使用泡沫降尘时,在司机侧测得全尘及呼吸性粉尘降尘效率分别达到75.4%和74.7%。

In view of low dust control efficiencies in fully mechanized workface of coal mine,a new dust control technique with foam and a far-pressing-near-absorption（FPNA） ventilation system was proposed.A geometric model of the face was built with GAMB IT technology based on actual situation of Huoerxinhe Mine.The dust distribution among the ventilation system sections was simulated using computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT.The high dust concentration areas in the return air side were determined by the numerical simulation and insitu measurement.The best foaming agent add ratio was determined by the study of the coal wettability.In carrying out the new dust control technique with foam,the foam nozzles are preposed in circline,foaming agent add rate was 10‰.windlass main inlet was located at 5 m to face and 2 m to floor,and the high concentration of dust was pulled out and settled.The dust control technology with foam is better than the water spray based on the insitu measurements.The actual dust survey at the driver indicated that the efficiency of total dust control with form was up to 75.4% and the respirable dust control efficiency 74.7%.