深圳市龙岗街道流动工人的职业健康监护现况

Present situation of occupational health surveillance of migrant workers in Longgang Sub-district of Shenzhen City

目的了解流动工人职业健康监护情况,分析流动工人职业健康监护中存在的问题,为相关部门对流动工人的管理提供参考。方法对深圳市龙岗街道在有职业病危害企业工作的1 200名流动工人进行现场问卷调查,对调查数据进行统计分析。结果流动工人上岗前、在岗期间职业健康检查率分别为17.1%、57.3%;流动工人职业健康监护率远低于固定工人;职业健康检查费用以用人单位支付为主。结论流动工人职业健康监护状况不容乐观,应加大职业健康监护监督力度;职业健康检查双重标准现象突出,应规范企业用工制度;健康检查费用未能全部实现由用人单位承担,应调整工伤保险的工作机制。

[Objective]To understand the present situation of occupational health surveillance of migrant workers,to analyze the problems existed in occupational health surveillance of migrant workers,and provide the reference for the management of migrant workers by related departments.[Methods]A total of 1200 migrant workers from the enterprises with occupational hazards of Longgang Sub-district of Shenzhen City were selected and investigated by questionnaires,then the results were statistically analyzed.[Results]The pre-post and the post occupational health examination rate of migrant workers was 17.1% and 57.3% respectively.The rate of occupational health surveillance in migrant workers was lower than that in permanent workers,most of the occupational inspection fees were paid by employing units.[Conclusion]The current status of migrant workers＇ occupational health surveillance is not optimistic and occupational health supervision should be strengthened,the phenomenon of double-standard in occupational health examination is very serious and enterprise employment system should be standardized,not all the occupational inspection fees were paid by employing units and the operation system of industrial insurance should be changed.