尿甲酸在职业病危害评价中作为甲醛生物标志物的意义

Urinary formaldehyde as a biomarker for evaluation of occupational hazards

目的对车间空气中甲醛浓度和作业环境人群尿中甲酸含量进行测定,验证甲酸作为生物代谢物在接触甲醛的职业危害评价中的意义。方法对山东省生产人造板的某集团车间空气中甲醛浓度和作业人群尿中甲酸含量进行同步测定,采用Spearman法进行相关分析。结果车间空气中甲醛浓度与作业职工班末尿中甲酸含量呈正相关(r=0.46,P<0.05),与班末尿中甲酸增加量呈正相关(r=0.48,P<0.05)。推测与甲醛的MAC值相配套的甲醛接触工人班末尿中甲酸的生物阈限值,为尿中甲酸含量34.8 mg/g肌酐或甲酸增加量24.0 mg/g肌酐。结论尿甲酸可以作为接触甲醛职业危害评价中特征性较强的生物标志物。

[Objective]To determine the level of air formaldehyde concentration in workplace and formic acid content in urine of workers with formaldehyde exposure,and verify the value of formic acid in occupational hazard assessment of formaldehyde as biological metabolites.[Methods]Air concentration of formaldehyde and formic acid content in the urine of workers were simultaneously determined in workplace of a wood-based panels manufacturer in Shandong Province.Spearman method was adopted for correlation analysis.[Results]Air concentration of formaldehyde in workplace was positively correlated with formic acid content（r=0.46,P0.05） and the increasing amount of formic acid（r=0.48,P0.05） in workers＇ urine of shift end.The speculated biological threshold limit value of formic acid content in workers＇ urine of shift end which matched the MAC value of formaldehyde was urine formic acid content of 34.8 mg/g creatinine or formic acid increasing amount of 24.0 mg/g creatinine.[Conclusion]Formic acid in urine can be taken as biomarker with obvious characteristic in occupational hazard evaluation of formaldehyde exposure.