长江河口悬浮颗粒物研究

A STUDY ON SUSPENDED MATTER IN THE CHANGJIANG RIVER ESTUARY

１９９４年１１月、１９９６年９月和１９９７年１月使用ＦＡＣＳｃａｎ流式细胞仪技术等分析观测手段对长江河口悬浮体进行了研究。结果表明，长江河口悬浮体中，具有有机性的颗粒数占总颗粒数的６０％－７５％；在颗粒粒径分布上，粗颗粒物质（＞８μｍ）主要为有机物质（生物残体、小型藻类、矿物－有机物集合体），细颗粒物质（＜８μｍ）主要为粘土矿物、有有机物附着和具有有机裹层的粘土矿物或集合体；有机性颗粒物质含量随盐度变化，高盐水侵人，有机颗粒含量增高；有机性悬浮颗粒浓度随总悬浮体的浓度增大而增大，认为长江河口悬浮体的聚集主要以有机絮凝为主。

The suspended matters in the Changjiang River estuary were studied by using FACScan flow cytometer and hydrodynamic and sedimentological methods in this paser. The field observations and sampling were undertake during Nov. of 1994, Sept. of 1996 and Mar. and July of 1997. By comparing the characterishcs between natural fluorescence of suspended particles and those dyed by FITC, the differences of suspended particle components on particle size composition, the effects of salinity changes on the characteristics of suspended prides, and the relations between contents of organized suspended particles and sediment concentration are provided. The results show that the organized suspended particles make up 60% to 75% of total suspended particle numbers in the Changjiang River estuary; for the particle size composition, coarse (>8μm) suspended particles were mainly organic matter (phytoplankton, zooplankton, micro-or-ganisms, live and dead cells, and organic matter coated on mineral particles), whilst fine suspended particles (<8μm) were mainly clay mineral and organic matter cohered or coated on mineral particles. The content of organic matter increased due to the higher salinity sea water intrusion, and it was higher in winter than in stunmer. The concentrahon of organic suspended panticles increased with increasing toed suspended matter concentration, which strengthened the congregation, absorption and flocculation of organized particles in turbidity maximum (TM) area. Therefore, organic materials represent a main factor for the flocculation of suspended matter.