清代京畿行政管理体制演变——以乾隆朝顺天府飞蝗案为例

Jingji Administration System's Evolution in the Qing Dynasty:Take Shuntian Locusts Plague for Example

顺天府是清代特殊的行政区,乾隆十七年(1752年)间,顺天府武清县发生蝗灾,围绕蝗灾,乾隆帝、直隶总督、顺天府展开了多方互动。蝗灾发生后,直隶总督与顺天府尹的奏报相互矛盾,经乾隆帝调查发现,直隶行政体制运作过程中敷衍塞责之弊严重。为了确保京畿行政体制的高效运作,乾隆帝利用此次飞蝗事件,调整京畿行政体制,提高顺天府的行政地位,强化顺天府与直隶总督的监督机制,武清飞蝗案成为清代京畿行政体制演变的重要契机。

Shuntian was a special administrative region of Qing Dynasty. Qianlong 17th years （1752）, Shuntian Wuqing occurred locusts plague. Around this event the Qianlong Emperor, Zhili Gover nor and Shuntian launched a multi-party interaction. After locusts plague, the report of Zhili Gov ernor and Shuntian Governor was contradiction. By investigation, Qianlong Emperor found that there was serious perfunetory in the Operation of Zhili administrative system. In order to ensure the effieient operation of the Jingji, around the locusts event, the Qianlong Emperor adjusted Jinji administrative system and improved the status of Shuntian to strengthen the supervision of Shuntian and Zhili Governor. The Wuqing locusts plague had became the important opportunity of Jingji administrative system＇s evolution in Qing Dynasty.