呼吸系统疾病患者用药不良反应的观察和分析

Observation and analysis of ADRs in patients with respiratory disease

目的 了解呼吸系统疾病住院患者治疗期间用药不良反应发生情况,为实施临床安全用药提供参考.方法 通过临床药师参与临床查房、实施全程化药学监护等措施,对2010年6月至2011年4月间呼吸系统疾病住院患者用药情况进行监测,对不良反应特征进行统计分析.结果 呼吸系统疾病住院患者药品不良反应（ADR）发生率为13.28%,占同期医院ADR总例数的43.05%;发生ADR的患者年龄明显高于未发生ADR者;ADR发生率较高的药物为抗感染药物、抗肿瘤药物、抗结核药物;ADR临床表现主要有皮肤损害、神经肌肉反应、消化道反应、肝功能损害等.结论 ADR的发生与呼吸系统疾病患者的年龄、用药特点及既往药物过敏史密切相关;临床药师应加强与医护人员的协作,明确ADR发生的相关危险因素,提高临床合理用药水平.

Objective To understand the drug reactions of patients with respiratory disease during hospitalization, in order to improve the level of clinical safe medication. Methods Through the whole course of pharmaceutical care for hospitalized patients with respiratory diease among June 2010 to April 2011, to obtaine the intbrmation and characteristics of adverse drug reaction （ADR） in the patients, and to analysis the ADR reports. Results The rate of ADR of pa- tients with respirator＇：＇ disease was 13.28% , which accounted for 43.05% of the total ADR ir~ the whole hospital. The age of patients with ADR was higher than that of patients without ADR. The rate of ADR of anti - infective drugs, anticancer drugs, anti - TB drugs were higher than that of other drugs. The clinical manifestations of ADR were skin lesions, neuromuscular reactions, gastrointestinal reactions, liver damage, etc. Conclusion~ The patients＇age, medication characteristics and previous drug allergy are closely related to the incidence of ADRs. The clinical pharmacist should strength- en collaboration with the medical staffs and understand the risk factors related to ADR to improve the level of clinical safe medication.