肾活检239例病理资料分析

Analysis of pathological data of renal biopsy:a report of 239 cases

目的了解我院239例肾脏疾病的流行病学特点及病理类型与临床表现之间的联系。方法回顾性分析我院2004年9月至2011年10月经皮肾穿刺活检术住院患者的性别、年龄、临床表现、病理类型。结果本组患者的平均年龄39.1岁,30～39岁为肾脏病的高发年龄段,男女比例为1∶1.39。临床表现以肾病综合征最多见,占53.1%,其次为尿检异常占36.0%。肾病综合征的病理类型依次为:膜性肾病(MN)29.9%,微小病变21.3%;尿检异常的病理类型依次为:IgA肾病40.7%,紫癜性肾炎15.1%。原发性肾小球疾病占76.2%,其中IgA肾病占33.0%,其次为膜性肾病,占26.4%;继发性肾小球肾炎占19.2%,病理类型以狼疮肾炎最常见,占34.8%,其次为紫癜性肾炎,占28.3%。结论原发性肾小球疾病是最常见的肾脏疾病,肾病综合征是最常见的临床表现,青壮年是高发人群。

Objective To investigate the correlation between epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations,and between pathology type and clinical manifestations of kidney diseases among 239 cases in our hospital.Methods Between September 2004 and October 2011,a retrospective study was done in in-patients after renal biopsy,including sex,age,clinical syndrome and pathology type.Results In this group（male：female vs 1：1.39）,the mean age was 39.1.Notably,the kidney diseases were most likely to occur between 30 and 39 years old.Of clinical manifestations,nephrotic syndrome（53.1%） was most commonly seen,followed by urinary abnormalities（36.0%）.The pathology types of nephrotic syndrome were membranous nephropathy（29.9%） and minimal change disease（21.3%）,while those of urinary abnormalities were IgA nephropathy（40.7%）and Henoch-Schnlein purpura glomerulonephritis（15.1%）.Of the 239 patients,the occurrence rate of primary glomerular disease was 76.2%.Notably,IgA nephropathy was 33.0%,followed by membranous nephropathy（26.4%）.On other hand,the occurrence rate of secondary glomerulosclerosis was 19.2%.Notably,lupus nephritis（34.8%） was the most commonly found,followed by Henoch-Schnlein purpura glomerulonephritis（28.3%）.Conclusion Primary glomerular disease was the most common kidney disease,and nephrotic syndrome was the most common clinical manifestation.Adolescents were high-risk populations.