盐沼湿地浮游植物多样性与环境关系研究

The Relationship between Diversity and Environment for Phytoplankton in Saline-alkaline Wetland

对鄂尔多斯高原盐沼湿地浮游植物多样性进行调查研究,并对浮游植物多样性与该盐沼湿地生态环境因子关系进行研究。结果表明:桃—阿海子浮游植物丰度指数(d)、多样性指数(H')与pH值、盐度表现出高度正相关,与碱度、离子系数、总硬度表现出负相关关系,均匀度指数(J)都与离子系数、钙镁比值表现出高度正相关性。红碱淖浮游植物多样性指数(H')、丰度指数(d)都与离子系数、总硬度、钙镁比值表现出显著的相关性,均匀度(J)与碱度、离子系数、总硬度、钙镁比值表现出高度的相关性。盐度不是决定浮游植物种类组成和分布的惟一生态因子;离子系数(M/D)是一项重要的生态指标,浮游植物与离子系数、总硬度、钙镁比值相关性高,是因为鄂尔多斯高原盐沼湿地湖水碳酸根离子含量高,形成碳酸钙沉淀,湖水钙离子含量普遍偏低,成为限制浮游植物生态分布的关键因子。

The researches on the diversity of phytoplankton and the relationship between diversity and ecological environmental factors have been done in Erdos Saline-alkaline wetland.The results show that in Tao―AHaizi,there is high positive correlation among the abundance index（d） and diversity（H′） of phytoplankton and pH value and salinity,there is negtative correlation among the abundance index（d） and diversity（H′） of phytoplankton and alkalinity,ion coefficient and total hardness.There is high positive correlation among the evenness index（J） and ion coefficient and Ca/Mg ratio.In Hongjiannao,there is obvious correlation among the diversity（H′） and abundance index（d） of phytoplankton and the ion coefficient,total hardness and Ca/Mg ratio,and there is high correlation among the evenness index（J） of phytoplankton and the alkalinity,ion coefficient,total hardness and Ca/Mg ratio.Salinity isn＇t the only ecological factor to decide the species composition and distribution of phytoplankton.Ion coefficient（M/D） is an important ecological index.The reasons for the high correlation between the phytoplankton and ion coefficient,total hardness and Ca/Mg ratio are there is high content of carbonate ion in the lake water of Erdos Saline-alkaline wetland to cause the CaCO3 precipitate,there is low content of calcium ion in lake water,which are the key factors to limit the ecological distribution of phytoplankton.